ABSTRACT

Underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) is a collection of battery-powered nodes and commonly used to collect the data from seabed. It is observed that packets routing over multi-hop approach ultimately degrades the data success ratio. End-to-end reliability and link quality functions especially for harsh underwater environment. The link quality between data forwarder nodes is affected due to water pressure, water current, uncontrolled node mobility, and water depth. Multi-hop approach from seabed to water surface also reduces the battery life of the nodes. In this research the Link Layer Development Energy Efficient Routing scheme (L2DE2R) is proposed which improves data success ratio, reduce average energy consumption and increase network throughput. The node mobility, water depth, and multi-hop problems are controlled through multi-layer formation from sea surface to seabed with use of static powerful super nodes. The water depth is divided into three layers from sea surface to seabed and static powerful super nodes are deployed on each of the layer. Separate Multipath look ahead upward vertical direction and look ahead horizontal direction mechanism is used from source to layer-3 super nodes. L2DE2R consists of three main protocols that are Reliable Routing Protocol (RRP), Less Energy Consumption Routing protocol (LECRP) and Linked aware routing protocol (LARP). RRP is based on reliable delivery of data packets from source to layer-3 super nodes. Layer-3 super nodes collect the data and forward it to sink node through multi-layer super nodes. LECRP minimize energy consumption while ensuring reliable data delivery and extending the operational lifetime of the network. The aim of LECRP is to use powerful static super nodes and powerful static relay nodes which reduce the energy consumption of overall network. LARP focuses on making routing decisions based on the quality and reliability of links between nodes. Incorporating a Quality of Service (QoS) mechanism into such a protocol can lead to improvements network throughput. Network Simulator (NS-2.30) with AquaSim is used to Analyse the performance ofL2DE2RS, and results were benchmarked with EEDOR, RPSOR, EVAGR, QL- EEBDG, DA-VRP, MRC and MD2F.