Pakistan is known as an agriculture country where his agricultural production is supported by canal system which feed by river Indus. Due to continuous decrease in water in recent years the country is facing water shortage crisis. Provincial agricultural departments have pointed out that water losses is one of the major reasons of shortage where these water losses have reached to 40%. ln order to control the water losses. government of Pakistan has offered various programs among which NPIW (National Programs for lmproving Watercourses) is the recent one that is largely based on developing partnerships with local farmers. The NPIW program started in ?.004: hut the statistics illustrated by the websites of parent agencies shows that targets achieved arc not more than 20%. This low progress is result of several reasons which arc very important to reveal in order to improve the performance of this program. Hence. this study was aimed at studying the factors which affect on the performance of NPIW projects. Data collection was carried out through structured questionnaire among the personnel involved in project handling. construction and end users i.e. farmers and landlords. Questionnaire form Consisted of 24 factors affecting participatory irrigation system categorized in three groups as design related factors. execution related factors and factors related to water user association. A total of 240 completed questionnaire set were collected from 11 cities of Sindh province which were analyzed statistically. From the result it was found that Proper/ Improper identification of incentives for the farmers ( i.e.. participants): epically for those at tail-end and for those who arc less socially privileged ? is major influencing factor to be considered in design perspective. From execution related factors. efficiency of constructed watercourses·· is the most influencing factors. while in the category of waste user association related factors
·Project cost incentive relationship (for financial purpose of Water users Association)"· is reported as major influencing factor.